| Material |
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
| Glass |
- Reusable and recyclable
- Improved break resistance allows manufacturers to use thinner glass
- Odorless and chemically inert
- Impermeable to gases and vapors
- Maintenance of product freshness for a long period of time without impairing taste or flavor
- Useful for heat sterilization
- Rigid
- Good insulation
- Production in numerous different shapes
- Variations in glass color can protect light-sensitive contents
- Transparent
|
- Limitation in thin glass
- Heavy weight
- High Transportation costs
- Brittleness
- Susceptibility to breakages from internal pressure, impact, or thermal shock.
|
| Metal |
- Versatility
- Physical protection
- Barrier properties
- Formability and decorative potential
- Recyclable
- Consumer acceptance
|
- Aluminum: high cost compared to other metals and materials (for example, steel)
- Inability to be welded, which renders it useful only for making seamless containers
|
| Paper And Paperboard |
- Lightweight
- Economical compared to other packaging systems
- Recyclable
- Efficient, low cost protection
- Available in several forms adapted to different food conditions
- Easy handling by consumers
- Very good strength to weight characteristics
|
- Poor barrier properties to light, moisture
- Not used to protect foods for long periods of time When used as primary packaging, it is coated or laminated to improve functional and protective properties
- The combination with other materials hinders the subsequent recycling process.
- Tears easily
|
| Plastic |
- Fluid and moldable
- Made into sheets, shapes, and structures
- Flexible
- Chemically resistant
- Inexpensive
- Light weight
- Wide range of physical and optical properties
- Heat sealable
- Easy to print
- Integrated into production processes
- where the package is formed, filled, and sealed in the same production line
|
- Variable permeability to light, gases, vapors, and low molecular weight molecules
- Limited reuse and recycling properties
|
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